The Relationship between Sports Psychology and Self-Tracking Apps on the Training Motivation of Badminton Athletes

Abstract

Background: Training motivation is fundamental for athletic performance and sustained engagement, yet limited research has examined how psychological factors and technological tools interact in shaping athletes' motivation, particularly in badminton where high-level speed, agility, and decision-making are required. Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between sports psychology constructs based on Self-Determination Theory and self-regulation, and the use of self-tracking applications on training motivation among badminton athletes. Methods: A quantitative explanatory-correlational design with cross-sectional approach was employed involving 40 active badminton athletes aged 18-35 years, selected through purposive and controlled snowball sampling. Data collection included validated scales measuring motivation (SMS-II), self-regulation, goal orientation, training self-efficacy, and application usage parameters (frequency, duration, features, engagement, perceived usefulness, and ease of use). Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression were conducted to examine relationships between variables. Results: Descriptive statistics indicated high motivation levels (M = 4.01) consistent with psychological scores (M = 3.85) and app usage (M = 3.72). Pearson correlations revealed significant positive associations between sports psychology and motivation (r = .62, p < .01) and between app usage and motivation (r = .58, p < .01). Regression analysis showed both predictors significantly contributed to motivation (β = .42, p = .003; β = .37, p = .007), explaining 52% of variance. Conclusion: Psychological factors provide stronger foundation for sustained motivation while self-tracking applications serve as valuable external supports. This research contributes to understanding that integrating psychological strategies with technological tools enhances training engagement, offering practical implications for athlete development programs that should combine sports psychology interventions with self-tracking technology adoption. Future research should examine longitudinal effects and specific app features supporting sustained motivation.